The Emergence of Influenza A (H3N2)v Virus: What We Learned From the First Wave
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
The emergence of influenza A (H3N2)v virus: what we learned from the first wave.
Swine influenza was first recognized clinically in pigs at the time of the 1918 Spanish Flu pandemic [1]. From 1918 to 1998, swine influenza was almost exclusively caused by the influenza A (H1N1) classic swine virus; this virus circulated in pigs with little genetic drift [1–3] for more than 70 years. In 1998, severe influenza-like illness (ILI) was observed in pigs in the United States. The c...
متن کاملWhat we learned from pandemic H1N1 influenza A.
Myocarditis is defined as inflammation of the heart muscle, and it frequently associates with impaired cardiac function. Although many kinds of viruses have been implicated as causes of myocarditis, these most commonly include enteroviruses, such as coxsackieviruses. Beside enteroviruses, adenovirus, hepatitis virus, parvovirus, and influenza virus have been reported to cause myocarditis. Of th...
متن کاملfrom linguistics to literature: a linguistic approach to the study of linguistic deviations in the turkish divan of shahriar
chapter i provides an overview of structural linguistics and touches upon the saussurean dichotomies with the final goal of exploring their relevance to the stylistic studies of literature. to provide evidence for the singificance of the study, chapter ii deals with the controversial issue of linguistics and literature, and presents opposing views which, at the same time, have been central to t...
15 صفحه اولthe effect of traffic density on the accident externality from driving the case study of tehran
در این پژوهش به بررسی اثر افزایش ترافیک بر روی تعداد تصادفات پرداخته شده است. به این منظور 30 تقاطع در شهر تهران بطور تصادفی انتخاب گردید و تعداد تصادفات ماهیانه در این تقاطعات در طول سالهای 89-90 از سازمان کنترل ترافیک شهر تهران استخراج گردید و با استفاده از مدل داده های تابلویی و نرم افزار eviews مدل خطی و درجه دوم تخمین زده شد و در نهایت این نتیجه حاصل شد که تقاطعات پر ترافیک تر تعداد تصادفا...
15 صفحه اولPathophysiology of Ischemia/Reperfusion-induced Myocardial Injury: What We Have Learned From Preconditioning and Postconditioning?
Organ damage after reperfusion of previously viable ischemic tissues is defined as ischemia/reperfusion injury. The pathophysiology of ischemia/reperfusion injury involves cellular effect of ischemia, reactive oxygen species and inflammatory cascade. Protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury may be achieved by preconditioning or postconditioning. In this review, we discuss basic mechan...
متن کاملذخیره در منابع من
با ذخیره ی این منبع در منابع من، دسترسی به آن را برای استفاده های بعدی آسان تر کنید
ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Clinical Infectious Diseases
سال: 2013
ISSN: 1537-6591,1058-4838
DOI: 10.1093/cid/cit324